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翻訳と辞書　辞書検索 [ 開発暫定版 ] スポンサード リンク Poison Prevention Packaging Act of 1970 ： ウィキペディア英語版 Poison Prevention Packaging Act of 1970 The Poison Prevention Packaging Act of 1970 (PPPA; ((Pub. L. 91-601 ), 84 Stat. 1670-74) was signed into law by U.S. President Richard Nixon on December 30, 1970. It was enacted by the 91st United States Congress. This law required the use of Child-resistant packaging for prescription drugs, over-the-counter (OTC) drugs, household chemicals, and other hazardous materials that could be considered dangerous for children. == Background == Before the PPPA was enacted, unintentional poisonings by both medicines and common household products were considered by most pediatricians to be the leading cause of injury to children aged 5 and under. At this point in time there were about 500 deaths per year being reported for children aged 5 and under due to accessibility of these chemicals.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=The History of Poison Prevention )〕 The purpose for the PPPA was to protect children from ingesting harmful chemicals and prescription medications by accident. After the PPPA was implemented, deaths in children aged 5 and under went down by 1.4 per million. This represented a reduction in the rate of fatalities, up to 45%, from projections of deaths without the presence of child-proof packaging and equated to an average of 24 fewer deaths in children annually. In 1957, the National Clearinghouse for Poison Control Centers was established with the goal in mind to collect data from different individual poison control centers and provide them with the information needed on the many types of household products involved in childhood poisonings.〔 Some of the earliest attempts at controlling the problem of poisionings in children came about after World War II. In 1960, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), in association with the American Medical Association (AMA), drafted what became known as the Hazardous Substances Labeling Act. This law stated that certain products, identified as 'hazardous substances' within the meaning of the law, had to carry on their labels specific statements of caution.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Poison Prevention Packaging Act of 1970」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.